diff --git a/tests/bench/Makefile b/tests/bench/Makefile
index 649bbd798a..f46b9801e4 100644
--- a/tests/bench/Makefile
+++ b/tests/bench/Makefile
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ## CONFIG
 
-LEAN_BENCHES = binarytrees deriv const_fold parser qsort rbmap rbmap_10 rbmap_1 unionfind
-CROSS_BENCHES = binarytrees deriv const_fold qsort rbmap rbmap_10 rbmap_1
+LEAN_BENCHES = binarytrees binarytrees.st deriv const_fold parser qsort rbmap rbmap_10 rbmap_1 unionfind
+CROSS_BENCHES = binarytrees binarytrees.st deriv const_fold rbmap rbmap_10 rbmap_1
 
 LEAN_CATS = .lean .no_reuse.lean .no_borrow.lean .no_st.lean
 CROSS_CATS = .lean .gc.lean .lean.perf .hs .gc.hs .hs.perf .ml .gc.ml .ml.perf .mlton .gc.mlton .mlton.perf .mlkit .gc.mlkit .mlkit.perf .swift .gc.swift .swift.perf
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ all: report_lean.tex report_cross.tex report
 binarytrees.hs: binarytrees.ghc-6.hs; ln -f $< $@
 # NOTE: changed `-N4` rtsopt to `-N` to be less system-dependent
 binarytrees%hs.out: GHC_FLAGS += --make -O2 -XBangPatterns -dynamic -threaded -rtsopts -with-rtsopts='-N -K128M -H'
+binarytrees.st%hs.out: GHC_FLAGS += --make -O2 -XBangPatterns -dynamic -rtsopts -with-rtsopts='-K128M -H'
 
 %.ml.out: %.ml
 	$(OCAML) $(OCAML_FLAGS) $< -o $@
@@ -78,9 +79,11 @@ binarytrees%hs.out: GHC_FLAGS += --make -O2 -XBangPatterns -dynamic -threaded -r
 %.flambda.ml: %.ml; ln -f $< $@
 
 binarytrees.ml: binarytrees5_multicore.ml; ln -f $< $@
+binarytrees.st.ml: binarytrees5.ml; ln -f $< $@
 binarytrees%ml.out: OCAML_FLAGS += -noassert -fPIC -nodynlink -inline 100 -O3 -package domainslib -linkpkg
 binarytrees%ml.out: OCAML = ocamlfind ocamlopt
 
+binarytrees.st.sml: binarytrees.st.mlton-2.sml; ln -f $< $@
 %.mlton.out: %.sml
 	$(MLTON_BIN)/mlton $(MLTON_FLAGS) -output $@ $<
 %.gc.mlton.out: MLTON_FLAGS = -profile time
@@ -158,10 +161,12 @@ bench/%.perf.bench: %.out | bench
 		--runner output --out $@
 
 # no benchmarksgame versions
-bench/binarytrees%mlton.bench: ; touch $@
-bench/binarytrees%mlton.perf.bench: ; touch $@
-bench/binarytrees%mlkit.bench: ; touch $@
-bench/binarytrees%mlkit.perf.bench: ; touch $@
+bench/binarytrees.mlton.bench: ; touch $@
+bench/binarytrees.gc.mlton.bench: ; touch $@
+bench/binarytrees.mlton.perf.bench: ; touch $@
+bench/binarytrees.mlkit.bench: ; touch $@
+bench/binarytrees.gc.mlkit.bench: ; touch $@
+bench/binarytrees.mlkit.perf.bench: ; touch $@
 
 bench_lean: $(LEAN_INPUTS:%=bench/%.bench)
 bench_cross: $(CROSS_INPUTS:%=bench/%.bench)
diff --git a/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.hs b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..66a1db2abc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import System.Environment
+import Data.Bits
+import Text.Printf
+import Control.Parallel.Strategies
+
+--
+-- an artificially strict tree. 
+--
+-- normally you would ensure the branches are lazy, but this benchmark
+-- requires strict allocation.
+--
+data Tree = Nil | Node !Tree !Tree
+
+minN = 4
+
+io s n t = printf "%s of depth %d\t check: %d\n" s n t
+
+main = do
+    n <- getArgs >>= readIO . head
+    let maxN     = max (minN + 2) n
+        stretchN = maxN + 1
+
+    -- stretch memory tree
+    let c = check (make stretchN)
+    io "stretch tree" stretchN c
+
+    -- allocate a long lived tree
+    let !long    = make maxN
+
+    -- allocate, walk, and deallocate many bottom-up binary trees
+    let vs = (depth minN maxN)
+    mapM_ (\((m,d,i)) -> io (show m ++ "\t trees") d i) vs
+
+    -- confirm the long-lived binary tree still exists
+    io "long lived tree" maxN (check long)
+
+-- generate many trees
+depth :: Int -> Int -> [(Int, Int, Int)]
+depth d m
+    | d <= m    = (n, d, sumT d n 0) : depth (d+2) m
+    | otherwise = []
+  where n = 1 `shiftL` (m - d + minN)
+
+-- allocate and check lots of trees
+sumT :: Int -> Int -> Int -> Int
+sumT d 0 t = t
+sumT d i t = sumT d (i-1) (t + a)
+  where a = check (make d)
+
+-- traverse the tree, counting up the nodes
+check :: Tree -> Int
+check t = tailCheck t 0
+
+tailCheck :: Tree -> Int -> Int
+tailCheck Nil        !a = a
+tailCheck (Node l r) !a = tailCheck l $ tailCheck r $ a + 1
+
+-- build a tree
+make :: Int -> Tree
+make d = make' d d
+
+-- This function has an extra argument to suppress the
+-- Common Sub-expression Elimination optimization
+make' :: Int -> Int -> Tree
+make' _  0 = Node Nil Nil
+make' !n d = Node (make' (n - 1) (d - 1)) (make' (n + 1) (d - 1))
diff --git a/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.lean b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.lean
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f28a73e3af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.lean
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+inductive Tree
+  | nil
+  | node (l r : Tree)
+instance : Inhabited Tree := ⟨.nil⟩
+
+-- This function has an extra argument to suppress the
+-- common sub-expression elimination optimization
+partial def make' (n d : UInt32) : Tree :=
+  if d = 0 then .node .nil .nil
+  else .node (make' n (d - 1)) (make' (n + 1) (d - 1))
+
+-- build a tree
+def make (d : UInt32) := make' d d
+
+def check : Tree → UInt32
+  | .nil => 0
+  | .node l r => 1 + check l + check r
+
+def minN := 4
+
+def out (s : String) (n : Nat) (t : UInt32) : IO Unit :=
+  IO.println s!"{s} of depth {n}\t check: {t}"
+
+-- allocate and check lots of trees
+partial def sumT (d i t : UInt32) : UInt32 :=
+  if i = 0 then t
+  else
+    let a := check (make d)
+    sumT d (i-1) (t + a)
+
+def main : List String → IO UInt32
+  | [s] => do
+    let n := s.toNat!
+    let maxN := Nat.max (minN + 2) n
+    let stretchN := maxN + 1
+
+    -- stretch memory tree
+    let c := check (make $ UInt32.ofNat stretchN)
+    out "stretch tree" stretchN c
+
+    -- allocate a long lived tree
+    let long := make $ UInt32.ofNat maxN
+
+    -- allocate, walk, and deallocate many bottom-up binary trees
+    for d in [minN:maxN+1:2] do
+      let n := 2 ^ (maxN - d + minN)
+      let i := sumT (.ofNat d) (.ofNat n) 0
+      out s!"{n}\t trees" d i
+
+    -- confirm the long-lived binary tree still exists
+    out "long lived tree" maxN (check long)
+    return 0
+  | _ => return 1
diff --git a/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.mlton-2.sml b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.mlton-2.sml
index d5b7a53791..4008e49528 100644
--- a/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.mlton-2.sml
+++ b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.mlton-2.sml
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 (* from https://smlnj-gitlab.cs.uchicago.edu/manticore/benchmarks/blob/master/benchmarks/programs/shootout-binarytrees/binarytrees.mlton-2.sml *)
+(* adjusted to match computation of other versions *)
 (* binarytrees.mlton
  *
  * The Computer Language Shootout
@@ -9,24 +10,22 @@
  * Optimized and compressed by Vesa Karvonen.
  * De-optimized by Isaac Gouy
  *)
-datatype 'a tree = Nil | Node of 'a tree * 'a * 'a tree
-(* fun mk 0 i = Nil | mk d i = Node (mk (d-1) (i*2-1), i, mk (d-1) (i*2)) *)
-fun mk 0 i = Node (Nil, i, Nil) | mk d i = Node (mk (d-1) (i*2-1), i, mk (d-1) (i*2))
-fun chk Nil = 0 | chk (Node (l, i, r)) = i + chk l - chk r
+datatype tree = Nil | Node of tree * tree
+fun mk 0 = Node (Nil, Nil) | mk d = Node (mk (d-1), mk (d-1))
+fun chk Nil = 0 | chk (Node (l, r)) = 1 + chk l + chk r
 val n = valOf (Int.fromString (hd (CommandLine.arguments ()))) handle _ => 10
 val min' = 4
 val max' = Int.max (min' + 2, n)
 val stretch' = max' + 1
-val i2s = String.translate (fn #"~" => "-" | c => str c) o Int.toString
-fun msg h d t = app print [h, Int.toString d, "\t check: ", i2s t, "\n"]
-val () = msg "stretch tree of depth " stretch' (chk (mk stretch' 0))
-val longLivedTree = mk max' 0
+fun msg h d t = app print [h, Int.toString d, "\t check: ", Int.toString t, "\n"]
+val () = msg "stretch tree of depth " stretch' (chk (mk stretch'))
+val longLivedTree = mk max'
 fun loopDepths d =
     if d > max' then ()
     else let val n = Word.toInt (Word.<< (0w1, Word.fromInt (max'-d+min')))
-             fun lp (i, c) = if i=n then c
-                             else lp (i+1, c + chk (mk d i) + chk (mk d (~i)))
-         in msg (Int.toString (2*n)^"\t trees of depth ") d (lp (0, 0))
+             fun lp (i, c) = if i>n then c
+                             else lp (i+1, c + chk (mk d))
+         in msg (Int.toString n^"\t trees of depth ") d (lp (1, 0))
           ; loopDepths (d + 2) end
 val () = loopDepths min'
 val () = msg "long lived tree of depth " max' (chk longLivedTree)
diff --git a/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.sml b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.sml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4008e49528
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.sml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+(* from https://smlnj-gitlab.cs.uchicago.edu/manticore/benchmarks/blob/master/benchmarks/programs/shootout-binarytrees/binarytrees.mlton-2.sml *)
+(* adjusted to match computation of other versions *)
+(* binarytrees.mlton
+ *
+ * The Computer Language Shootout
+ * http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/
+ *
+ * Contributed by Troestler Christophe
+ * Ported to MLton/SML by sweeks@sweeks.com.
+ * Optimized and compressed by Vesa Karvonen.
+ * De-optimized by Isaac Gouy
+ *)
+datatype tree = Nil | Node of tree * tree
+fun mk 0 = Node (Nil, Nil) | mk d = Node (mk (d-1), mk (d-1))
+fun chk Nil = 0 | chk (Node (l, r)) = 1 + chk l + chk r
+val n = valOf (Int.fromString (hd (CommandLine.arguments ()))) handle _ => 10
+val min' = 4
+val max' = Int.max (min' + 2, n)
+val stretch' = max' + 1
+fun msg h d t = app print [h, Int.toString d, "\t check: ", Int.toString t, "\n"]
+val () = msg "stretch tree of depth " stretch' (chk (mk stretch'))
+val longLivedTree = mk max'
+fun loopDepths d =
+    if d > max' then ()
+    else let val n = Word.toInt (Word.<< (0w1, Word.fromInt (max'-d+min')))
+             fun lp (i, c) = if i>n then c
+                             else lp (i+1, c + chk (mk d))
+         in msg (Int.toString n^"\t trees of depth ") d (lp (1, 0))
+          ; loopDepths (d + 2) end
+val () = loopDepths min'
+val () = msg "long lived tree of depth " max' (chk longLivedTree)
diff --git a/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.swift b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.swift
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6b2ee68c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/bench/binarytrees.st.swift
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// see binarytrees.swift for original
+
+import Dispatch
+import Foundation
+
+class TreeNode {
+    var left, right: TreeNode?
+
+    init(left: TreeNode?, right: TreeNode?) {
+        self.left = left
+	self.right = right
+    }
+
+    func check() -> Int {
+	if left != nil {
+	    return left!.check() + right!.check() + 1
+	} else {
+	    return 1
+	}
+    }
+}
+
+func createTree(_ depth: Int) -> TreeNode? {
+    if depth > 0 {
+	let node = TreeNode(left: createTree(depth-1),
+			    right: createTree(depth-1))
+	return node
+    } else {
+	let node = TreeNode(left: nil, right: nil)
+	return node
+    }
+}
+
+let n: Int
+if CommandLine.argc > 1 {
+    n = Int(CommandLine.arguments[1]) ?? 10
+} else {
+    n = 10
+}
+let minDepth = 4
+let maxDepth = (n > minDepth + 2) ? n : minDepth + 2
+
+// Create big tree in first pool
+let tree = createTree(maxDepth+1)
+let check = tree!.check()
+print("stretch tree of depth \(maxDepth+1)\t check: \(check)")
+
+// Cleal first pool and allocate long living tree
+let longLivingTree = createTree(maxDepth)
+
+// Allocate binary trees of increasing depth up to maxDepth depth
+for currentDepth in stride(from: minDepth, through: maxDepth, by: 2) {
+	let iterations = 1 << (maxDepth - currentDepth + minDepth)
+	var totalChecksum = 0
+	for _ in 1...iterations {
+	    let tree1 = createTree(currentDepth)
+	    totalChecksum += tree1!.check()
+	}
+	print("\(iterations)\t trees of depth \(currentDepth)\t check: \(totalChecksum)")
+}
+
+// Check long living tree and print out check info
+print("long lived tree of depth \(maxDepth)\t check: \(longLivingTree!.check())")
+
diff --git a/tests/bench/binarytrees5.ml b/tests/bench/binarytrees5.ml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4f3c54aa4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/bench/binarytrees5.ml
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+(* The Computer Language Benchmarks Game
+ * https://salsa.debian.org/benchmarksgame-team/benchmarksgame/
+ *
+ * Contributed by Troestler Christophe
+ * Modified by Fabrice Le Fessant
+ * *reset*
+ *)
+
+type 'a tree = Empty | Node of 'a tree * 'a tree
+
+let rec make d =
+(* if d = 0 then Empty *)
+  if d = 0 then Node(Empty, Empty)
+  else let d = d - 1 in Node(make d, make d)
+
+let rec check = function Empty -> 0 | Node(l, r) -> 1 + check l + check r
+
+let min_depth = 4
+let max_depth = (let n = try int_of_string(Array.get Sys.argv 1) with _ -> 10 in
+                 max (min_depth + 2) n)
+let stretch_depth = max_depth + 1
+
+let () =
+  (* GC param suggestion:
+    Gc.set { (Gc.get()) with Gc.minor_heap_size = 1024 * 1024; max_overhead = -1; }; *)
+  let c = check (make stretch_depth) in
+  Printf.printf "stretch tree of depth %i\t check: %i\n" stretch_depth c
+
+let long_lived_tree = make max_depth
+
+let rec loop_depths d =
+  for i = 0 to  ((max_depth - d) / 2 + 1) - 1 do
+    let d = d + i * 2 in
+    let niter = 1 lsl (max_depth - d + min_depth) in
+    let c = ref 0 in
+      for i = 1 to niter do c := !c + check(make d) done;
+      Printf.printf "%i\t trees of depth %i\t check: %i\n" niter d !c;
+  done
+
+let () =
+  flush stdout;
+  loop_depths min_depth;
+  Printf.printf "long lived tree of depth %i\t check: %i\n"
+    max_depth (check long_lived_tree)
diff --git a/tests/bench/speedcenter.exec.velcom.yaml b/tests/bench/speedcenter.exec.velcom.yaml
index a45e0e25fc..6e8cf8baeb 100644
--- a/tests/bench/speedcenter.exec.velcom.yaml
+++ b/tests/bench/speedcenter.exec.velcom.yaml
@@ -80,6 +80,14 @@
     cmd: ./binarytrees.lean.out 21
   build_config:
     cmd: ./compile.sh binarytrees.lean
+- attributes:
+    description: binarytrees.st
+    tags: [fast, suite]
+  run_config:
+    <<: *time
+    cmd: ./binarytrees.st.lean.out 21
+  build_config:
+    cmd: ./compile.sh binarytrees.st.lean
 - attributes:
     description: const_fold
     tags: [fast, suite]