replace_target uses id_locked.
The id_locked solution is more robust because simp may build a proof
using refl lemmas, but type_context may not be able to establish that
the previous and new target are definitionally equal.
@Armael This commit fixes the issue in the KreMLin proof you showed me.
Now, the following tactic succeeds (as expected)
```
simp [lowstar_semantics.apply_ectx],
```
and the resulting goal is
```
...
|- exp.subbuf (exp.loc (b, n, list.nil field)) a_1 = exp.subbuf ↑?m_1 ?m_2
```
(1) The lhs and rhs will be reduced to whnf before getting the constructor apps
(2) If the lhs and rhs are distinct constructors, it discharges the goal by contradiction
(3) The interactive injection tactic will try to close the goal by assumption if successful
This suggestion has been discussed at Slack.
We have decided to use #"c" as notation because we wanted to allow `'`
in the beginning of identifiers like in SML and F*. In particular,
we wanted to allow users to use 'a 'b 'c for naming type parameters
like in SML. However, nobody used this notation. In the Lean standard
library, we are using greek letters for naming type parameters.
So, there is no real motivation for the ugly #"c" syntax.
See Section "Other goodies" at
https://github.com/leanprover/lean/wiki/Refactoring-structures
This commit also improves the support for projections in the
unifier/matcher.
Now, we consider the extra case-split for projections.
Given a projection `proj`, and the constraint `proj s =?= proj t`, we need to try first `s =?= t` and if it fails, then try to reduce.
This is needed in the standard library because we now have constraints such as:
```
@has_le.le ?A ?s ?a ?b =?= @has_le.le nat nat.has_add x y
```
If we reduce the right hand side, we get the unsolvable constraint
```
@has_le.le ?A ?s ?a ?b =?= nat.le x y
```
Before this change, the constraint was `@le ?A ?s ?a ?b =?= @le nat nat.has_add x y`, and we already perform a case-split in this case.
Moreover, projections were eagerly reduced whenever possible.
The extra case-split generates a performance problem in several tests. For example `fib 8 = 34` was timing out.
I worked around this issue by performing the case-split only when the constraint contains meta-variables.
There are also minor issues. Example. `<` is notation for `has_lt.lt`, but `>` is for `gt`.
