Before this commit, each `isDefEq u v` invocation would fail if there
were pending universe level constraints. This commit, moves the
postponed universe constraints back to the `MetaM` state.
It also adds the combinator
```lean
withoutPostponingUniverseConstraints x
```
which executes `x` and throws an error if there are pending universe
constraints. We use the combinator at `elabApp` and `elabBinders`.
Without this commit, we would fail to elaborate simple terms such as
```lean
Functor.map Prod.fst (x s)
```
because after elaborating `Prod.fst` and trying to ensure its type
match the expected one, we would be stuck at the universe constraint:
```
u =?= max u ?v
```
Another benefit of the new approach is better error messages. Instead
of getting a mysterious type mismatch constraint, we get a list of
universe contraints the system is stuck at.
cc @Kha
The idea is to make clear that the field `posponed` is transient
state. It is only used during `isDefEq`.
The refactoring was motivated by a bug I found where the `posponed`
constraints were not being handled correctly. For example,
the `check (e : Expr)` method was returning `true`, but leaving pending
universe constraints at `postponed`.
cc @Kha
