lean4-htt/tests/elab/issue5767.lean
Sebastian Ullrich 88b746dd48 feat: unfold and rewrap instances in inferInstanceAs and deriving
This PR adjusts the results of `inferInstanceAs` and the `def` `deriving` handler to conform to recently strengthened restrictions on reducibility. This change ensures that when deriving or inferring an instance for a semireducible type definition, the definition's RHS is not leaked when the instance is reduced at lower than semireducible transparency.

More specifically, given the "source type" and "target type" (the given and expected type for `inferInstanceAs`, the right-hand side and applied left-hand side of the `def` for `deriving`), we synthesize an instance for the source type and then unfold and rewrap its components (fields, nested instances) as necessary to make them compatible with the target type. The individual steps are represented by the following options, which all default to enabled and can be disabled to help with porting:
- `backward.inferInstanceAs.wrap`: master switch for instance adjustment in both `inferInstanceAs` and the default `deriving` handler
- `backward.inferInstanceAs.wrap.reuseSubInstances`: reuse existing instances for the target type for sub-instance fields to avoid non-defeq instance diamonds
- `backward.inferInstanceAs.wrap.instances`: wrap non-reducible instances in auxiliary definitions
- `backward.inferInstanceAs.wrap.data`: wrap data fields in auxiliary definitions (proof fields are always wrapped)

This PR is an extension and rewrite of prior work in Mathlib: https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib4/pull/36420

Last(?) part of fix for #9077

🤖 Prepared with Claude Code

# Breaking changes

Proofs that relied on the prior "defeq abuse" of these instance or that depended on their specific structure may need adjustments. As `inferInstanceAs A` now needs to know the source and target types exactly before it can continue, it cannot be used anymore as a synonym for `(inferInstance : A)`, use the latter instead when source and target type are identical.
2026-03-22 13:25:46 +01:00

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axiom Std.HashMap : Type
axiom Std.HashMap.insert : Std.HashMap → Std.HashMap
axiom Std.HashMap.get? : Std.HashMap → Int → Option Unit
structure St where
m : Unit
map : Std.HashMap
opaque P : St → Prop
noncomputable
def go1 (ss : Int) (st0 : St) : Bool :=
let st1 := { st0 with map := st0.map.insert }
match st1.map.get? ss with
| some _ =>
have : P st1 := sorry
have : P st1 := sorry
go1 ss st1
| none => true
termination_by st0
decreasing_by sorry
/--
info: go1.induct (ss : Int) (motive : St → Prop)
(case1 :
∀ (x : St),
have st1 := { m := x.m, map := x.map.insert };
∀ (val : Unit), st1.map.get? ss = some val → P st1 → P st1 → motive st1 → motive x)
(case2 :
∀ (x : St),
have st1 := { m := x.m, map := x.map.insert };
st1.map.get? ss = none → motive x)
(st0 : St) : motive st0
---
warning: declaration uses `sorry`
-/
#guard_msgs in
#check go1.induct
-- the above was the original bugreport, and a (spurious) mdata around the match
-- triggered a bug and looking through it solved it. But that would just hide it, and it
-- can be triggered like this:
noncomputable
def go2 (ss : Int) (st0 : St) : Bool :=
let st1 := { st0 with map := st0.map.insert }
id <| match st1.map.get? ss with -- the ss argument is needed
| some _ =>
have : P st1 := sorry -- both needed
have : P st1 := sorry -- both needed
go2 ss st1
| none => true
termination_by st0
decreasing_by sorry
/--
info: go2.induct : ∀ (motive : St → Prop),
(∀ (x : St),
have st1 := { m := x.m, map := x.map.insert };
motive st1 → motive x) →
∀ (st0 : St), motive st0
---
warning: declaration uses `sorry`
-/
#guard_msgs in
#check @go2.induct