lean4-htt/tests/elab/structuralOverNested.lean
Joachim Breitner ac9a1cb415
feat: add @[backward_defeq] attribute and local useBackward simp option (#13492)
This PR introduces stricter inference for the `@[defeq]` attribute and a
companion `@[backward_defeq]` attribute that preserves the pre-PR
behavior
as an opt-in.

### What changed

* `@[defeq]` is now inferred only when the equation holds at
  `.instances` transparency (the transparency `dsimp` operates at).
* `@[backward_defeq]` is the old set: every theorem whose `rfl` proof
the legacy inference would have accepted is tagged `@[backward_defeq]`,
  so `defeq ⊆ backward_defeq` holds by construction.
* The option `backward.defeqAttrib.useBackward` (default `false`) makes
  `dsimp` also use `@[backward_defeq]` theorems, restoring the pre-PR
  behavior for a specific proof or file.
* The option is eqn-affecting: its value at the point of a function's
  definition is recorded so that the equation lemmas later generated for
  that function use the same value, regardless of the ambient option at
  the use site.

### Mathlib adaption

A companion adaption branch (`lean-pr-testing-backward-defeq-attrib` on
mathlib4) builds cleanly against this PR and passes `lake test` without
warnings. Most adaption changes are scoped
`set_option backward.defeqAttrib.useBackward true in` additions on the
failing declarations; a small number of files needed proof-level edits
where the stored form of a `dsimp%`/`@[reassoc]`/`@[elementwise]`
/`@[simps]`/`@[to_app]`-generated lemma had drifted under the stricter
regime.

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-27 10:07:59 +00:00

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inductive Tree where | node : List Tree → Tree
mutual
def Tree.size : Tree → Nat
| node ts => list_size ts
def Tree.list_size : List Tree → Nat
| [] => 0
| t::ts => t.size + list_size ts
end
example : Tree.list_size (t :: ts) = t.size + Tree.list_size ts := rfl
-- If we only look at the nested type at a finite depth we don't need an auxiliary definition:
def Tree.isList : Tree → Bool
| .node [] => true
| .node [t] => t.isList
| .node _ => false
-- A nested inductive type
-- the `Bool → RTree α` prevents well-founded recursion and
-- tests support for reflexive types
inductive RTree (α : Type u) : Type u
| node : α → (Bool → RTree α) → List (RTree α) → RTree α
-- only recurse on the non-nested component
def RTree.simple_size : RTree α → Nat
| .node _x t _ts => 1 + (t true).simple_size + (t false).simple_size
/--
info: @[backward_defeq] theorem RTree.simple_size.eq_1.{u_1} : ∀ {α : Type u_1} (_x : α) (t : Bool → RTree α)
(_ts : List (RTree α)), (RTree.node _x t _ts).simple_size = 1 + (t true).simple_size + (t false).simple_size :=
fun {α} _x t _ts => Eq.refl (RTree.node _x t _ts).simple_size
-/
#guard_msgs in
#print RTree.simple_size.eq_1
-- set_option trace.Elab.definition.structural true
-- also recurse on the nested components
#guard_msgs in
mutual
def RTree.size : RTree α → Nat
| .node _ t ts => 1 + (t true).size + (t false).size + aux_size ts
def RTree.aux_size : List (RTree α) → Nat
| [] => 0
| t::ts => t.size + aux_size ts
end
/--
info: @[backward_defeq] theorem RTree.aux_size.eq_2.{u_1} : ∀ {α : Type u_1} (t : RTree α) (ts : List (RTree α)),
RTree.aux_size (t :: ts) = t.size + RTree.aux_size ts :=
fun {α} t ts => Eq.refl (RTree.aux_size (t :: ts))
-/
#guard_msgs in
#print RTree.aux_size.eq_2
mutual
def RTree.map (f : α → β) : RTree α → RTree β
| .node x t ts => .node (f x) (fun b => (t b).map f) (map_aux f ts)
def RTree.map_aux (f : α → β) : List (RTree α) → List (RTree β)
| [] => []
| t::ts => t.map f :: map_aux f ts
end
/--
info: @[backward_defeq] theorem RTree.map_aux.eq_2.{u_1, u_2} : ∀ {α : Type u_1} {β : Type u_2} (f : α → β) (t : RTree α)
(ts : List (RTree α)), RTree.map_aux f (t :: ts) = RTree.map f t :: RTree.map_aux f ts :=
fun {α} {β} f t ts => Eq.refl (RTree.map_aux f (t :: ts))
-/
#guard_msgs in
#print RTree.map_aux.eq_2
inductive Vec (α : Type u) : Nat → Bool → Type u where
| empty : Vec α 0 false
| succ : α → Vec α n b → Vec α (n + 1) true
-- Now an example with indices all over the place
inductive VTree (α : Type u) : Bool → Nat → Type u
| node (b : Bool) (n : Nat) : α → (List Bool → List Nat → Vec (VTree α true 5) n b) → VTree α (!b) (n+1)
mutual
def VTree.size : VTree α b n → Nat
| .node _ _ _ f => 1 + vec_size (f [] [])
-- We have to write `VTree α true 5` here, and cannot write `VTree α b' n'` here.
-- This seems to be reasonable, cf. the type of the motives of `VTree.rec`
def VTree.vec_size : Vec (VTree α true 5) n b → Nat
| .empty => 0
| .succ t ts => t.size + vec_size ts
end
/--
info: @[backward_defeq] theorem VTree.size.eq_1.{u_1} : ∀ {α : Type u_1} (b_2 : Bool) (n_2 : Nat) (a : α)
(f : List Bool → List Nat → Vec (VTree α true 5) n_2 b_2),
(VTree.node b_2 n_2 a f).size = 1 + VTree.vec_size (f [] []) :=
fun {α} b_2 n_2 a f => Eq.refl (VTree.node b_2 n_2 a f).size
-/
#guard_msgs in
#print VTree.size.eq_1