lean4-htt/tests/lean/run/erased.lean
Henrik Böving 52b1b342ab
feat: zero cost BaseIO (#10625)
This PR implements zero cost `BaseIO` by erasing the `IO.RealWorld`
parameter from argument lists and structures. This is a **major breaking
change for FFI**.

Concretely:
- `BaseIO` is defined in terms of `ST IO.RealWorld`
- `EIO` (and thus `IO`) is defined in terms of `EST IO.RealWorld`
- The opaque `Void` type is introduced and the trivial structure
optimization updated to account for it. Furthermore, arguments of type
`Void s` are removed from the argument lists of the C functions.
- `ST` is redefined as `Void s -> ST.Out s a` where `ST.Out` is a pair
of `Void s` and `a`

This together has the following major effects on our generated code:
- Functions that return `BaseIO`/`ST`/`EIO`/`IO`/`EST` now do not take
the dummy world parameter anymore. To account for this FFI code needs to
delete the dummy world parameter from the argument lists.
- Functions that return `BaseIO`/`ST` now return their wrapped value
directly. In particular `BaseIO UInt32` now returns a `uint32_t` instead
of a `lean_object*`. To account for this FFI code might have to change
the return type and does not need to call `lean_io_result_mk_ok` anymore
but can instead just `return` values right away (same with extracting
values from `BaseIO` computations.
- Functions that return `EIO`/`IO`/`EST` now only return the equivalent
of an `Except` node which reduces the allocation size. The
`lean_io_result_mk_ok`/`lean_io_result_mk_error` functions were updated
to account for this already so no change is required.

Besides improving performance by dropping allocation (sizes) we can now
also do fun new things such as:
```lean
@[extern "malloc"]
opaque malloc (size : USize) : BaseIO USize
```
2025-10-22 10:55:12 +02:00

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import Lean
/-- `erased α` is the same as `α`, except that the elements
of `erased α` are erased in the VM in the same way as types
and proofs. This can be used to track data without storing it
literally. -/
def Erased (α : Sort u) : Sort max 1 u :=
Σ's : α → Prop, ∃ a, (fun b => a = b) = s
namespace Erased
/-- Erase a value. -/
@[inline]
def mk {α} (a : α) : Erased α :=
⟨fun b => a = b, a, rfl⟩
open Lean.Compiler
set_option pp.explicit true
set_option pp.funBinderTypes true
set_option pp.letVarTypes true
set_option trace.Compiler.result true
/--
trace: [Compiler.result] size: 1
def Erased.mk (α : lcErased) (a : lcAny) : PSigma lcErased lcAny :=
let _x.1 : PSigma lcErased lcAny := PSigma.mk ◾ ◾ ◾ ◾;
return _x.1
---
trace: [Compiler.result] size: 5
def _private.lean.run.erased.0._eval._lam_0 (_x.1 : Array
Lean.Name) (_x.2 : PUnit) (_y.3 : Lean.Elab.Term.Context) (_y.4 : lcAny) (_y.5 : Lean.Meta.Context) (_y.6 : lcAny) (_y.7 : Lean.Core.Context) (_y.8 : lcAny) (_y.9 : lcVoid) : EST.Out
Lean.Exception lcAny PUnit :=
let _x.10 : EST.Out Lean.Exception lcAny PUnit := compile _x.1 _y.7 _y.8 _y.9;
cases _x.10 : EST.Out Lean.Exception lcAny PUnit
| EST.Out.ok (a.11 : PUnit) (a.12 : lcVoid) =>
let _x.13 : EST.Out Lean.Exception lcAny PUnit := @EST.Out.ok ◾ ◾ ◾ _x.2 a.12;
return _x.13
| EST.Out.error (a.14 : Lean.Exception) (a.15 : lcVoid) =>
return _x.10
[Compiler.result] size: 1
def _private.lean.run.erased.0._eval._closed_0 : String :=
let _x.1 : String := "Erased";
return _x.1
[Compiler.result] size: 1
def _private.lean.run.erased.0._eval._closed_1 : String :=
let _x.1 : String := "mk";
return _x.1
[Compiler.result] size: 3
def _private.lean.run.erased.0._eval._closed_2 : Lean.Name :=
let _x.1 : String := _eval._closed_1.2;
let _x.2 : String := _eval._closed_0.2;
let _x.3 : Lean.Name := Lean.Name.mkStr2 _x.2 _x.1;
return _x.3
[Compiler.result] size: 2
def _private.lean.run.erased.0._eval._closed_3 : Array Lean.Name :=
let _x.1 : Nat := 1;
let _x.2 : Array Lean.Name := Array.mkEmpty ◾ _x.1;
return _x.2
[Compiler.result] size: 3
def _private.lean.run.erased.0._eval._closed_4 : Array Lean.Name :=
let _x.1 : Lean.Name := _eval._closed_2.2;
let _x.2 : Array Lean.Name := _eval._closed_3.2;
let _x.3 : Array Lean.Name := Array.push ◾ _x.2 _x.1;
return _x.3
[Compiler.result] size: 9
def _private.lean.run.erased.0._eval (a.1 : Lean.Elab.Command.Context) (a.2 : lcAny) (a.3 : lcVoid) : EST.Out
Lean.Exception lcAny PUnit :=
let _x.4 : String := _eval._closed_0.2;
let _x.5 : String := _eval._closed_1.2;
let _x.6 : Lean.Name := _eval._closed_2.2;
let _x.7 : Nat := 1;
let _x.8 : Array Lean.Name := _eval._closed_3.2;
let _x.9 : Array Lean.Name := _eval._closed_4.2;
let _x.10 : PUnit := PUnit.unit;
let _f.11 : Lean.Elab.Term.Context →
lcAny →
Lean.Meta.Context →
lcAny →
Lean.Core.Context → lcAny → lcVoid → EST.Out Lean.Exception lcAny PUnit := _eval._lam_0.2 _x.9 _x.10;
let _x.12 : EST.Out Lean.Exception lcAny PUnit := Lean.Elab.Command.liftTermElabM._redArg _f.11 a.1 a.2 a.3;
return _x.12
-/
#guard_msgs in
run_meta Lean.Compiler.compile #[``Erased.mk]